Diffuse Optical Light in Galaxy Clusters I: Abell 3888

We are undertaking a program to measure the characteristics of the intracluster light (total flux, profile, color, and substructure) in a sample of 10 galaxy clusters with a range of cluster mass, morphology, and redshift. We present here the methods and results for the first cluster in that sample, A3888. We have identified an intracluster light (ICL) component in A3888 in V and r that contains 13 ± 5% of the total cluster light and extends to 700h −1 70 kpc (∼ 0.3r 200) from the center of the cluster. The ICL color in our smallest radial bin is V − r = 0.3 ± 0.1, similar to the central cluster ellipticals. The ICL is redder than the galaxies at 400 < r < 700h −1 70 kpc although the uncertainty in any one radial bin is high. Based on a comparison of V − r color with simple stellar models, the ICL contains a component which formed more than 7 Gyr ago (at z > 1), coupled with a high metallicity (1.0Z ⊙ < Z ICL 2.5Z ⊙), and a more centralized component which contains stars formed within the past 5 Gyr (at z ∼ 1). The profile of the ICL can be roughly fit by a shallow exponential in the outer regions and a steeper exponential in the central region. We also find a concentration of diffuse light around a small group of galaxies 1.4h −1 70 Mpc from the center of the cluster. In addition, we find 3 low surface brightness features near the cluster center which are blue (V − r = 0.0) and contain a total flux of 0.1M *. Based on these observations and X-ray and galaxy morphology, we suggest that this cluster is entering a phase of significant merging of galaxy groups in the core, whereupon we expect the ICL fraction to grow significantly with the formation of a cD galaxy as well as the in-fall of groups. Galaxy clusters contain a population of stars which are not members of individual galaxies but which are bound to the cluster potential, producing diffuse in-tracluster light (ICL). This ICL component has been found in a number of clusters through surface brightness measurements and direct detections of resolved stars including planetary nebulae, red giants, super-novae, novae, and globular cluster systems. These investigations indicate that the optical ICL comprises between 5% and 50% of the total optical …